اقتصاد کشاورزی و روستایی

اقتصاد کشاورزی و روستایی

بررسی دیدگاه کشاورزان نسبت به تغییر کشت به محصولات با نیاز آبی کمتر (مورد مطالعه: منطقه مارگون)

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
سید ابیطالب موسوی موید 1
مهدی نوری پور 2
مریم آفریدونی 3
1 کارشناسی ارشد ترویج کشاورزی- دانشگاه یاسوج،گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی
2 استاد گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه یاسوج
3 دانشجوی دکتری گروه مدیریت توسعه روستایی، دانشگاه یاسوج
10.30490/etr.2024.365688.1021
چکیده
امروزه تغییرات آب و هوایی  اثرات منفی بر دسترسی به آب و در نتیجه محدودیت جدی برای تولید غذا در بسیاری از مناطق جهان داشته است. با این حال، چنین اثراتی به‌خوبی درک نشده‌اند. لذا پژوهش حاضر این سؤالات را مورد مطالعه قرار داده است که آیا تغییر الگوی کشت راهکار مناسبی برای سازگاری با وضعیت کم آبی است؟ و چه موانعی برای تغییر کشت بر سر راه کشاورزان قرار دارد؟ برای پاسخ به این سؤالات، 16 مصاحبه عمیق از کشاورزان مطلع و دارای سابقه کاری بالاتر انجام گرفت و نمونه آماری به روش نمونه‌گیری هدفمند از نوع گلوله برفی تعیین گردید. نتایج مطالعه،  11 مورد عامل موثر در تغییر الگوی کشت،  10 مورد موانع تغییر الگوی کشت در قالب دو بعد موانع اقتصادی (5 مقوله) و موانع محیطی (5 مقوله) و 17 مورد از پیامدهای تغییر الگوی کشت در قالب پیامدهای اقتصادی (7 مقوله)، پیامدهای زیست‌محیطی (4 مقوله) و پیامدهای اجتماعی (6 مقوله) را نشان داد. از بین این موارد، خشکسالی و کمبود منابع آب و عملکرد پایین محصولات زراعی به عنوان مهم‌ترین عوامل موثر در تغییر الگوی کشت، سطح آگاهی پایین کشاورزان و ریسک بالا به عنوان مهم‌ترین موانع تغییر الگوی کشت و جایگزینی محصول متناسب با اقلیم منطقه و عملکرد بالا به عنوان مهم‌ترین پیامد تغییر الگوی کشت در شهرستان مارگون شناسایی شدند. لذا سیاست‌گذاران باید به تدوین برنامه‌ها و کلاس‌های آموزشی متناسب با نیاز جوامع محلی در خصوص تغییر الگوی کشت جهت بالابردن سطح آگاهی کشاورزان اقدام کنند.
کلیدواژه‌ها
تغییر کشت
بحران آب
منطقه مارگون
تحقیق کیفی

عنوان مقاله English

Investigating Farmers' Opinions towards Changing Cultivation to Crops with Low Water Requirements in Margoun Region of Iran

نویسندگان English

Seyed Abitaleb Mousavi Moayed 1
Mehdi Nooripoor 2
Maryam Afereydouni 3
1 M. Sc. student in Agricultural Extension, Yasouj University, Department of Rural Development Management
2 Professor, Department of Rural Development Management, Yasouj University
3 Ph. D. Student, Department of Rural Development Management, Yasouj University.
چکیده English

Introduction: Today, climate change has negative effects on access to water and as a result, serious restrictions occur on food production in many regions of the world. However, such effects are not well understood. Therefore, this research aimed at investigating these questions: “Is changing the cultivation pattern a suitable solution to adapt to the water shortage situation?” and “What obstacles stand in the way of farmers to change cultivation?”.
Methods and Materials: To answer these questions, a number of highly informed farmers with more than 15 years of experience were interviewed through 16 in-depth interviews as well as a purposeful snowball sampling method was applied. 
Results and Discussion: According to study results, 11 effective factors in changing the cultivation pattern within three dimensions of economic factors (three categories), human-environmental factors (five categories) and natural-climatic factors (three categories), 10 obstacles to change the cultivation pattern within two dimensions of economic obstacles (5 categories) and environmental obstacles (5 categories) and 17 consequences of changing the cultivation pattern within three dimensions of economic consequences (7 categories), environmental consequences (4 categories) and social consequences (6 categories) were identified.
Conclusion and Suggestions: Among the identified effective factors, obstacles and consequences, drought and lack of water resources and low yield of crops as the most important effective factors in changing the cultivation pattern, low level of awareness of farmers and high risk as the most important obstacles to changing the cultivation pattern and replacing the crop suitable for the climate of the region and high yield as the most important consequence of changing the cultivation pattern were identified for Margoun County of Iran. Therefore, policy makers should develop educational programs and courses according to the needs of local communities regarding the changes in cultivation pattern in order to raise the awareness of farmers.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Crop Change
Water Crisis
Margoun Region
Qualitative research
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