اقتصاد کشاورزی و روستایی

اقتصاد کشاورزی و روستایی

جایگاه نظام های میراثی کشاورزی مهم جهانی(GIAHS) در دستیابی به اهداف توسعه روستایی

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسندگان
شهره سلطانی خانکهدانی 1
علی کیانی راد 2
1 نویسندة مسئول و استادیار مؤسسة پژوهش‌های برنامه‌ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعة روستایی، تهران، ایران
2 دانشیار و رئیس مؤسسة پژوهش‌های برنامه‌ریزی، اقتصاد کشاورزی و توسعة روستایی، تهران، ایران
10.30490/etr.2024.130670
چکیده
ابتکار «نظام‌‏‏های میراثی کشاورزی مهم جهانی» (جیاس) سازمان خواربار و کشاورزی ملل متحد (فائو) بر اهمیت کشاورزی سنتی در حفظ زیست‏‌بوم، دانش سنتی، ارزش‏‌های فرهنگی دیرپا، میراث تاریخی، چشم‌‏انداز طبیعی منطقه و حفظ نظام‏‌های سازگار با محیط زیست تأکید دارد. در مطالعة حاضر، با ارائة مفهوم نظام میراثی کشاورزی مهم جهانی (جیاس)، جایگاه آن در دستیابی به اهداف توسعه روستایی با مروری نظام‏‌مند بر مطالعات موردی و استفاده از روش پریزما (PRISMA) بررسی شد. از آنجا که از زمان طرح این ابتکار، حدود بیست سال بیشتر نمی‌‏گذرد، مطالعات زیادی در این خصوص وجود ندارد. در تحقیق حاضر، با مرور 31 مقاله از منابع معتبر، به بررسی و تحلیل هجده مقاله مرتبط با موضوع «نقش جیاس در توسعه روستایی» پرداخته شد. نتایج پژوهش نشان داد که ثبت نظام‌‏های میراثی کشاورزی در شش حیطه شامل حفظ امنیت غذایی خانوار، حفظ تنوع زیستی، حفظ فرهنگ بومی جامعه، سازگاری و پایداری جوامع، جلب مشارکت جامعه و کاهش مهاجرت مؤثر بوده است. از این‌‏رو، در پژوهش حاضر، برای افزایش اثرات ثبت جیاس بر توسعه روستایی، پیشنهادهایی مطرح شد که یکی از مهم‏ترین آنها استفاده از تجارب داخلی و خارجی برای ایفای نقش واقعی جوامع محلی و سازمان‌‏های آنها در حفظ و صیانت از نظام‏‌های میراثی کشاورزی است.
کلیدواژه‌ها
کشاورزی سنتی
توسعة روستایی
نظام‌های میراثی کشاورزی مهم جهانی (جیاس)

عنوان مقاله English

The Contribution of Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) in Achieving Rural Development Goals

نویسندگان English

Shohreh Soltani 1
Ali Kiani Rad 2
1 Corresponding Author and Assistant Professor, Agricultural Planning, Economics and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI), Tehran, Iran
2 Associate Professor and Head of Agricultural Planning, Economics and Rural Development Research Institute (APERDRI), Tehran, Iran.
چکیده English

The Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS) initiative of the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations Organization (FAO) emphasizes the importance of traditional agriculture in preserving the ecosystem, traditional knowledge, long-lasting cultural values, historical heritage and the natural landscape of the region as well as the maintenance of environmentally friendly systems. In this article, the concept of world important agricultural heritage system was presented and its benefits and contribution in achieving the goals of rural development were investigated by systematic review of case studies by the use of Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) method. Considering the merely twenty years of the GIAHS initiation, there are not many studies in this regard. In this research, by reviewing 31 articles from reliable sources, 18 articles related to the role of GIAHS in the rural development were discussed and analyzed. The results showed that the designation of agricultural heritage systems in 6 areas including maintaining household food security, biological diversity, local culture of the community, compatibility and sustainability of communities, attracting community participation and reducing migration might be Known as effective areas. Therefore, some suggestions were made to increase the effects of GIAHS designation on the rural development, one of the most important of which included the use of internal and external experiences to play the real role of local communities and their organizations in the preservation of agricultural heritage systems.

کلیدواژه‌ها English

Traditional Agriculture
Rural Development
Globally Important Agricultural Heritage Systems (GIAHS)
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